On social media and gaming platforms, hate and harassment thrive in closed online spaces, which lack the visibility and accountability of more open or public ones.
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ADL’s RAI and CCAE found high rates of antisemitism in independent K-12 schools, especially within curricula, with insufficient response from administrators.
Each stage along the pathway reflects an escalation in thought and behavior, leading toward violence.
Learn how to recognize these attacks and how to respond to them
Behavioral Threat Assessment and Management (BTAM) is a proactive, evidence-based approach to identify, assess, and help individuals who exhibit concerning and threatening behaviors. The goal is to prevent violence before it happens by connecting individuals with appropriate support and resources. BTAM helps law enforcement understand the current threat environment and how different factors affect each community. There are several resources available on BTAM best practices, including the…
Behavioral Threat Assessment and Management (BTAM) is a systematic, evidence-based process used by schools, workplaces, and law enforcement to identify, assess, and manage individuals who may pose a threat to themselves or others. The model provides a structured way to notice warning signs, understand what they mean, and take action before anyone gets hurt. BTAM helps answer important questions like: Is this person in crisis? Are they at risk of hurting themselves or others? What support do…
Antisemitism in the TCC shows up as casual slurs and inside jokes; admiration for antisemitic killers; extremist iconography like swastikas; and as part of how an attacker frames their violence.
BTAM helps schools, workplaces, clinicians, and law enforcement spot warning signs in persons who may be in crisis and intervene before violence occurs.
A loosely connected global network of online actors involved in illicit and harmful activities, like swatting, sadistic online exploitation (SOE), ransomware attacks, and distributing child sexual abuse material.
A glossary that explains some of the popular terms, references, and images used to signal transgression and belonging in online communities that glorify mass violence and extremist killings.
Artificial intelligence is rapidly reshaping how people consume and trust information—including what books they read. Amazon, the world’s largest bookseller, uses Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate short, snappy summaries of customer reviews. While this may be useful when applied to bedsheets or kitchen appliances, applying AI to book reviews—without human oversight—is proving to be deeply problematic. We found that AI-generated reviews are promoting books that…
In 2024, ADL tabulated 9,354 antisemitic incidents across the United States.
Co-produced with Builders For Tomorrow Executive SummaryADL research shows that four leading LLMs, particularly Llama, display bias against Jews and Israel. LLM bias in other areas has already been highlighted; this report provides the most comprehensive evaluation to date of anti-Jewish and anti-Israel bias in major LLMs—GPT (OpenAI), Claude (Anthropic), Gemini (Google), and Llama (Meta). In 2025 and beyond, the importance of large language model (LLM)…
Co-produced with Builders For Tomorrow Executive Summary ADL has identified extensive issues with antisemitic and anti-Israel bias on Wikipedia in multiple languages. These issues include 1) a coordinated campaign to manipulate Wikipedia content related to Israel, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and similar issues, in which a group of editors systematically evade Wikipedia’s rules to shift balanced narratives toward skewed ones, spotlighting criticism of Israel and downplaying…
This ADL Center on Extremism report details and analyzes the domestic extremist-related murders in the United States in 2024
Most Jewish students face antisemitism; over 25% of Jewish students said they had observed anti-Jewish activity from faculty. Rates of self-censorship of Jewish identity and views of Israel remain high.
This report provides a snapshot of antisemitism and extremism in Oregon and Washington, highlighting key trends tracked by the ADL Center on Extremism.
by Dr. Kat Schrier, Professor and Director of Games & Emerging Media at Marist University 29 min read Executive Summary This report shows there was hate and harassment in about half of the online multiplayer game sessions that ADL asked a group of participants to play using a range of religious, ethnic, and national identities. Previous research by ADL and others has repeatedly suggested that online games are spaces where hate and harassment are rampant; we set out to…
Majority of Jewish parents surveyed report antisemitism in K-12 schools; and despite high public support for Holocaust and antisemitism education, less than 1/3 get it.
An ADL study shows that Jewish and Israeli Americans are subject to discrimination in the US labor market because of their identity, not their qualifications.